SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS
In 2015, two applied research projects were completed:
- “Scientific bases of technology of new glass and glass coverings of anticorrosive and electrical engineering purposes” (state registration number 0114U002486).
Head of the Research: Victor Holeus, Dr. Techn. Sciences, prof., Head of chemical technology of ceramics and glass department.
Objective: to create the scientific basis for the development of the chemical composition and to establish the basic technological parameters for the production of new glassy (amorphous) materials and glass coverings in Si-V-Ti-O-H, PbO-B2O3-SiO2, Na2O-MeO-Al2O3-TiO2-ZrO2-B2O3-SiO2, MgO-CaO-BaO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2, which will be distinguished by special chemical, optical and electrophysical properties and are promising for use in various fields of science and modern technology.
As a result of the research work:
- the technology of production of highly dispersed silicon (IV) oxide, modified with organic compounds, titanium oxides and vanadium has been improved. Using the obtained laws, a research facility for the production of modified silicon (IV) oxide was created and proposed methods of modification of silicon (IV) oxide;
- New methods for predicting the properties of glasses obtained in PbO-B2O3-SiO2, Na2O-MeO-Al2O3-TiO2-ZrO2-B2O3-SiO2, MgO-CaO-BaO-Al2O3-B2O3-SiO2 oxide systems depending on the quantitative content in their composition components Analogues of the calculation methods obtained in this paper were not found in the domestic and foreign scientific and technical literature. On the basis of these methods a computer program for calculating the properties of borosilicate glasses, depending on their chemical composition and temperature, was created;
- determined optimal chemical compositions and basic technological parameters for the manufacture of chemical resistant coatings for hot-water steel pipes that can be used in the production of enamel products and a technological instruction for the production of enamel glass for their manufacture is proposed;
- the regularities of the change of properties of fusible glasses in the system PbO-B2O3-ZnO-SiO2 from their chemical composition are established. The obtained additives regulating the properties (TCLR and TPD) of these glasses. On the basis of these glasses, warehouses of fusible glass-composite joints have been developed, which can be successfully used in the production of compatible hermetic metal-glass units for electronics and instrumentation industries;
- determined optimal chemical compositions and basic technological parameters of manufacture by powder-burning technology of electrical insulating coatings on aluminum, which can be used in the production of enamel products, and a technological instruction for their obtaining is proposed.
The new amorphous and glassy materials obtained as a result of the implementation of the SRW have been successfully tested at ATEM PLUS LLC as a catalyst; on “AGROMAT DECOR” LLC as an insulating coating of low-temperature film heater of LED panels; at PJSC “Elamhhimprom” as groundless glass-enamel coatings for the inner surface of hot water supply pipes. Also, the results of the GDR are proposed for use at the enterprises of the chemical industry, namely LLC “QUIRIN” (Kyiv), OJSC “Novomoskovsk dishware” (Novomoskovsk, Dnipropetrovsk region), TPK “PRIMEZS” (Zaporizhia), VK ” Santechmontazh “(Dnipro), Scientific-Production Enterprise” Stelite “(Lviv) and other enterprises.
- “Preparation of nanosized inorganic compounds from aqueous solutions under the action of contact non-equilibrium low-temperature plasma” (state registration number 0114U002487).
Head of the Research: Oleksandr Andriiovych, Pivovarov Dr. Techn. Sciences, prof., head of technology of inorganic substances and ecology department, head of plasma-chemical processes research laboratory.
Objective: to develop new high-performance plasmochemical technologies aimed at obtaining nanosized inorganic compounds from aqueous solutions.
In the process of carrying out scientific research:
- Recommendations for the preparation of nanosized inorganic compounds from aqueous solutions of metal salts under the action of contactless non-equilibrium low-temperature plasma (NLP) have been developed and worked out. The technological regimes of the plasma-chemical process are established, which ensure the receipt of products with certain physical and chemical properties necessary for their further application in various fields;
- The technology of obtaining nanodispersed colloidal solutions under the action of contactless non-equilibrium low-temperature plasma has been developed. The technological parameters that provide high yields for synthesis are determined. By means of quantum-chemical calculations, substances have been selected and experimentally investigated for stabilization of colloidal solutions made on the basis of water exposed to NLP;
- The technology of obtaining nanosized inorganic compounds of iron, aluminum and other metals from aqueous solutions under the action of contactless nonequilibrium low-temperature plasma has been developed. Technologically feasible parameters of synthesis under the action of NLP are established and physical and chemical characteristics of the obtained inorganic compounds are given. Synthesis of compounds according to the developed technology allows to receive particles of a given size and shape;
- A mathematical model for the process of obtaining nanoparticles in a solution under the action of a contact non-equilibrium low-temperature plasma was developed;
- Recommendations concerning the further use and introduction of nanosized inorganic compounds obtained by the plasmochimic method have been developed. The recommendations are developed taking into account the determined physical and chemical properties of inorganic compounds.
The proposed recommendations allow colloidal solutions and inorganic compounds with improved physico-chemical properties to be used as a result of plasmachemical treatment, the use of which for the modification of existing materials, at different stages of the technological processes of the enterprises of the chemical, textile and paint and varnish industries, provides the already known materials with new properties that consequence, will increase the competitiveness of products by 20-50%.
Application of the technology of obtaining nanodispersed colloidal solutions under the action of NLP allows to increase the efficiency of obtaining precious metals and metals with a variable valence of 35-40% with a reduction in the length of the process of obtaining 2-3 times and the amount of reagent components of the process in 2 times. This will help reduce the cost of producing materials based on colloidal solutions by 40-63%. Technology can be used in the chemical and medical industries.
Application of the developed technology allows receiving compounds of iron, aluminum and other metals from aqueous solutions by a plasmachemical method on a low-staple technology, which allows to reduce the duration of the process 2-3 times. This will reduce the cost of production based on the obtained compounds by 30,0-38,5%. The technology can be used in the fuel and paint industry.
Application of the mathematical model will allow controlling the component composition and physico-chemical characteristics of the compounds. This will reduce the quantity of products of low quality and cost of production of nanosized compounds in 1.5-2 times.
In 2014, four fundamental research projects were completed:
- “Principles of a new methodology for determining the functional action of nanocomponents in polymer compositions based on geometric phase morphology” (state registration number 0112U002063).
Head: Mykhailo Vasyliovych Burmistr, Academician of AS of Ukraine, Honored Worker of Science and Technology of Ukraine, Dr. of Chemistry, prof., head. of processing of plastics and photographic, nano and printing materials department.
Objective: is to develop synthesis methods, to study and optimize the properties of functional elemental organics and ionogenic macromolecular compounds and polymeric materials on their basis; creation of methods of regulation of physical-mechanical, elastic-hysteresis, adhesion and other operational properties of elastomeric materials with the use of substances of natural and synthetic origin; development of organo-inorganic nanostructured materials on the basis of thermoplastics and chain silicates and composites with a high complex of technological, physico-mechanical and thermophysical characteristics.
The first new synthesized titanium-containing alkoxy derivatives were synthesized for the first time, which was used to modify polymers and nanocomposite materials on their basis with a high complex of operational properties: polyurethane protective coatings, polyvinylchloride compositions for the manufacture of cable-conductor products, basalt-plasticizers, and also for hydrophobicization of cellulosic materials.
Methods of synthesis of new sulfoacid polymer matrices and nanocomposites characterized by static exchange capacity up to 3.6 mg-ekv / g and resistance to thermo-oxidation degradation (up to 180 ° C) were developed in this work. The filler introduced to increase the effective surface of the nanocomposite is distributed in the polymer matrix of the material exclusively in the form of nanosized inclusions in the size from 6 to 300 nm. It should be noted that in comparison with well-known foreign and domestic analogues (such as Amberlite IRA-120 / UK / and KU-2-8 and KSM-2 / Ukraine / with a static exchange capacity of 5.6 mg ek / g, 4.8 and 4.0 mg-eq / g, respectively), the developed cation exchangers are produced on an environmentally friendly and non-waste technology, and their catalytic activity in the esterification / re-esterification reactions significantly exceeds the known analogues.
Based on the study of the structure and complexity of elastomer properties, practically significant formulations of elastomeric composite materials for the production of tires, conveyor belts, molded rubber products and adhesive materials have been developed.
According to the results of the development of new composite based on modified polypropylene and modified aliphatic derivatives of polyamides of phenol-formaldehyde matrices with high strength properties and the development of bases of their reinforcement by discrete fibrous basaltic and composite (basalt, organic and carbon) reinforcing fillers, structural and antifriction polymer composite materials, properties which exceeds the properties of known composites. The intensity of mass wear of the developed composites is reduced by 3.6-12 times, and the coefficient of friction decreases by 1.5-2 times. Mechanical properties and thermophysical characteristics of polymer composite materials based on modified polypropylene are increased by 25-40%.